This report presents the findings of a case study on social accountability in Nepal’s social protection programmes. It is one of four case studies, which taken together form one of the outputs of a global policy research project that DFID contracted Development Pathways to undertake. These four case studies inform a final research report and a guidance note for practitioners. The case study highlights how social protection programme design matters: programmes with simple and transparent eligibility criteria and high coverage rates can work well even under conditions of limited accountability, it suggests.